Ernest leslie ransome



(No l loc lel.) I

. E. L. RANSOMIL,

. MOLD. No. 545,974.

Patented Sept- 10, 1895. v

llnrrn terns ERNEST LESLIE RANSOME, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

MOLD.

SPECIFICATICN forming part of letters Patent No. 545,974, dated September 10, 1895.

Application filed November 6,1393. Serial No. 490,181, (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ERNEST LEsLIE RAN- SOME, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molds; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of this invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My improvements relate to that class of molds for which Letters Patent No. 353,500, dated November 30, 1886, No. 507,521, dated October 24, 1893, No. 517,808, dated April 3, 1894., and No. 515,016, dated February 20, 1894, were allowed me. They consist in modifications of the molds described therein for the purpose of constructing pipes, linings, and other subways in tunnels, (to.

This invention more particularly relates to the shaper of Patent No. 353,500, the object of which is to shape, consolidate, and uphold the earth preparatory to the placement of the concrete. In open trench-work this office is usually limited to the bed of the pipe and seldom extends above the center line thereof. In tunnels the operations of the shaper are more extensive, for it not only has to shape and consolidate the bed or foundation for the pipe or concrete subway, but it further has to uphold the earth at the sides and overhead until the concrete is placed. By my present invention I further enlarge its scope and modify its shape, so that it is not only used for preparing and upholding the earth, but it is also so constructed as to permit of backing being inserted through its walls and placed and consolidated between the outside face of the concrete and the face of the excavation or earth. It is well known that, owing to the necessary inequalities of the earth-surface in tunnels or other subways, considerable of this backing or filling often has to be put in between the proper masonry lining and the earth-face.

These inequalities are often due to the way in which the earth has been excavated from the work, and is alsooften due to the subsequent falling out of large pieces.

My invention is illustrated by the accom panying drawings, in Which-- Figure 1 is a side view of the shaper. Fig. 2 is a section on line a a of Fig. 1, showing shell of shaper A, opening B, hopper C, shell of core-mold D, concrete lining E, backing F, and earth-face G.

My improvements consist in constructing one or more slots or openings Bin the wall of the shaper, through which backing may be passed and packed between the shaper and the earth-face or between the concrete and the earth-face. These slots would usually be placed near to the lower edge of the walls of the shaper, but they might be placed in any desired position.

In operation, whenever necessary in order to make solid backing, earth is passed through one of these openings and packed or rammed in hard, so that as the shaper moves forward and in turn the concrete is placed this packed earth forms the matrix therefor in the same manner as it does for the lower half of the concrete pipe or other subway. To facilitate the placement of this backing these openings are in some cases provided with hoppers. These hoppers are advantageous also in preventing loose sand or soil from caving in through the opening from the outside in cases where a fall of earth occurs. In place of earth other substances may be used for backing, such, for instance, as a cheaper or different grade of concrete, or in case drainage is desired broken stone or gravel might be substituted.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is--- In the combination of a traveling earth shaper and an internal core mold an opening through the body of the shaper for feeding earth from the interior to the exterior and an opening between the core mold and the shaper for feeding concrete in a similar manner.

ERNEST LESLIE RANSOME.

Witnesses:

H. F. THOMSEN, IVIINNIE PA'rnRsoN. 

